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THE OTHER SIDE OF VIROLOGY: BEYOND OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Why Worry About Avian Flu?

By GVN | March 1, 2023

The Covid pandemic is the latest concern regarding potential zoonotic spillover of a dangerous virus. What will actually be the next virus? In the game of spillover roulette, some have put their bets on yet another coronavirus. Lately, however, the smart money seems to be betting on avian flu, or more specifically, H5N1 avian flu.…

Ebola in Uganda

By GVN | January 26, 2023

A moderate sized Ebola outbreak (142 confirmed cases) in Uganda has recently been in the news. Fifty-five people died; the others recovered. It has now largely been controlled, but there are some issues associated with the outbreak that are worth considering. These relate to conventional control by contact tracing and isolation (which was how it…

Flu Vaccines: What Does the Future Hold?

By GVN | January 4, 2023

Omicron spinoffs, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza (flu) viruses have formed a sort of unholy trinity of respiratory infections. Covid vaccines were initially highly effective against infection, hospitalization, and death, but with the multiplication of new variants, only strong protection against hospitalization and death remains. In a previous Perspective (https://gvn.org/respiratory-syncytial-virus-newly-resurgent/), we noted that the…

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Newly Resurgent

By GVN | December 5, 2022

December 5, 2022 Introduction  We seem to be in a sort of Golden Age of respiratory viruses, including flu, SARS-CoV2 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is an enveloped negative strand RNA virus with a genome of approximately 15,000 nucleotides encoding 11 proteins. There are two serotypes, A and B, which can be discriminated by…

Resurgent Outbreaks of Measles

By vgn1 | May 18, 2022

Resurgent Outbreaks of Measles May 18, 2022 Introduction  Two years of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought another health crisis to children. The number of measles cases reported worldwide (more than 17,300 cases) has increased by 79 percent in the first two months of 2022 compared to the same time last year (1). Countries with the…

Global Expansion of Acute Hepatitis Outbreaks in Healthy Children

By vgn1 | May 5, 2022

Global Expansion of Acute Hepatitis Outbreaks in Healthy Children May 5, 2022 Introduction  A recent rise in acute hepatitis among children is expanding globally. The UK first reported an unexpected, significant increase in cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown origin in previously healthy children. According to the WHO (1), as of 21 April 2022,…

Japanese Encephalitis Virus: Ongoing Public Health Threat

By vgn1 | April 7, 2022

April 7, 2022 Introduction  Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable encephalitis. JEV is a flavivirus (genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae) and shares a close genetic and antigenic relationship with West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, and Murray Valley encephalitis virus (1). Most people infected with JE do not have symptoms or…

Strategies to Eradicate Transmission of Poliovirus and Paralytic Poliomyelitis

By vgn1 | March 23, 2022

Strategies to Eradicate Transmission of Poliovirus and Paralytic Poliomyelitis March 23, 2022 Introduction  Polio (poliomyelitis) is a highly infectious disease that mostly affects children under 5 years of age. The causative agent, poliovirus, replicates in the gut but in some cases can invade the central nervous system and cause permanent paralysis (approximately one in 200…

Ongoing Outbreaks of Lassa Virus in Nigeria

By vgn1 | March 8, 2022

Ongoing Outbreaks of Lassa Virus in Nigeria March 8, 2022 Context The first known confirmed Omicron (B.1.1.529) infection was from a specimen collected on November 9, 2021 in Botswana (1). The variant rapidly began to spread to South Africa and other Southern African countries. Nigeria also experienced daily surge of COVID-19 cases in December, and…

Response to A Recent Outbreak of Nipah Virus in India in the context of COVID-19 pandemic

By vgn1 | February 24, 2022

Response to A Recent Outbreak of Nipah Virus in India in the context of COVID-19 pandemic February 24, 2022 Context India experienced a devastating second wave of COVID-19 between February and early May of 2021(?). Since then, cases have declined gradually. Interestingly, the southern Indian state of Kerala accounted for more than half of the…