Research activities at IRESSEF laboratories focus on several aspects of viral pathogens including HIV, viral hepatitis, HPV, HSV, Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases including Ebola, Zika, SARS-CoV-2, etc. In the early days of HIV/AIDS pandemic, Souleymane’s research has led to the co-discovery of the HIV-2. He is the Coordinator of the WANETAM (West African Node of Excellence for Tuberculosis, AIDS, Malaria), which brings together 25 institutions from 12 West African countries and 5 institutions from 4 European countries. WANETAM is unique in West Africa to address the main infectious diseases challenges such as Tuberculosis, AIDS, Malaria, the Neglected Tropical Diseases and the Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases. After the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak, he co-found the WATER (West African Taskforce to tackle Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases). Prof Mboup and team significantly contribute to document the prevalence of viral hepatitis (HBV, HCV) through many collaborative projects such as the PROLIFICA (Prevention of liver fibrosis and liver cancer linked to hepatitis B virus in Africa). They have determined the molecular characterization of HBV and assessed its association with risk of occurrence of hepatocarcinoma and liver cancer. In the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, IRESSEF laboratories are involved in the national response against the COVID-19 and have detected the circulation of the UK variant in Senegal using novel techniques such as the New Generation Sequencing. Prof Mboup has authored more than 150 peer-reviewed scientific publications.